If you have ever seen port-wine stain without knowing what the condition is, you may be confused about exactly what the condition entails. It is a birthmark created by swollen blood vessels. The result is a reddish-purple discoloration of the skin that could be linked to other health conditions.
What Causes a Port-Wine Stain?
This condition is typically caused by the abnormal formation of blood vessels in the skin. Sometimes, there is an ulterior cause behind the condition. For example, your child could be diagnosed with a primary condition that causes the birthmark, like Kippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome. While these are not common conditions, it is important to have your child examined if you notice the discoloration.
What Are the Symptoms of Port-Wine Stains?
This birthmark has several symptoms. In the earliest stages of the condition, the discoloration appears more pink and flat. Children age with the condition, and the coloring will become deeper. Ultimately, it will look purple, similar to the color of wine. You will notice that the stain may become thicker with time.
Many people associate the development of this condition with facial blood vessels, but the truth is that the issue may be linked to discoloration of any part of the body. You may see this stain on the arms, legs, back, neck, or chest, for example.
Some complications may occur as a result of the condition that may also appear as symptoms. They include poor self-esteem, increasing disfigurement, glaucoma, and possible neurological problems.
Generally, healthcare providers can diagnose port-wine stain simply by looking at the discoloration. If the doctor suspects that something else is at play, he or she may perform a biopsy or take an X-ray.
What Treatments Are Available for Port-Wine Stains?
One treatment option for patients is freezing, but this does not always work. Some people with the condition undergo surgery and radiation. Even a type of tattoo may help cover the discoloration. Laser surgery is also largely successful because the lasers are able to destroy blood vessels without destroying the skin. The location of the discoloration also matters. The condition may be treated more readily if it is located on the face rather than on other parts of the body.
Your treatment options for port-wine stains depend on your age, the size of the stain, the type of stain, and the type of skin discolored. You can talk to your doctor about the options available for your condition.